Low illumination/dynamic range recognition greatly increases image sensor to improve vehicle safety

Since Karl Benz first invented a real gasoline-powered car in 1885, automotive technology has made remarkable progress over the past century, such as anti-locking car systems, power steering systems, wipers, and electronic stability. Control, navigation control, and more.

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According to the latest research by JD Power and Associates, 38% of car buyers see new technology as the key to buying a new car. Another survey conducted by Deloitte Consulting LLP in January 2014 showed that 61% of people born in the Y generation from 1982 to 2002 planned to buy high-tech cars. . Masa Hasegawa, head of Deloitte Management Consulting, said that while Generation Y may not necessarily look at key metrics such as horsepower, acceleration time or engine size, they have clear needs, needs and aspirations. In addition, Gen Y consumers also need safety technology, especially the ability to reduce the risk of distracted driving.

In recent years, consumers have become increasingly eager for advanced automotive technology. These cravings have been triggered by the increase in technology applications and have become a factor in the purchase of automobiles, which has actually inspired automakers to use technology to make Innovation in differentiation.

As consumers move to better interactive experiences and safe driving, the market demands that they use the same speed and innovation as smart phones to adapt to new technologies, which puts a lot of pressure on car manufacturers, but they can also The car brand creates differentiation. Consumers want a better in-car experience/interactivity and expect the user interface to be more natural and intuitive.

Innovative technology and car safety upgrade

To achieve better safety features, consumers want to use safety automation to help them avoid or reduce any potential accidents. As automakers offer more in-car interactive features, they also need to develop technology to protect distracted drivers. Many times, the main cause of an accident is the driver's distraction, lack of concentration, and the driver's illusion or misjudgment of driving.

In general, innovative features are first introduced as options in high-end cars, and then eventually used in mainstream cars as costs fall, awareness increases, and demand grows. The core of automotive technology innovation is security, although some innovations are just for convenience.

Today, many active safety systems cover a wide range of multidisciplinary fields and technologies, such as pedestrian detection cameras, distance measurement radars, path planning, and car-to-car wireless internet communications. Here are some of the key technologies currently being considered in the automotive market.

Visual sensing technology

A rear view camera system that provides a view of the car while steering and reversing is now mainstream. By 2018, the United States intends to force automakers to install rear-view cameras in every new car. In response to this regulation, manufacturers began rolling out new cars equipped with rear-view camera systems in 2014.

The current new trend is the surround camera system, which uses four to five wide-angle cameras mounted on the front, rear and sides of the car to provide a 360-degree bird's eye view or front/rear split view, while some more advanced systems can even provide blind spots. Detection and parking assistance.

As early as 2005, night vision cameras were already deployed in Mercedes-Benz S-series cars. This technology is now also available in the E-series. Typically, night vision cameras use long-range light-emitting diode (LED) lights to make the distance in front of the car look farther. Current night vision cameras also add pedestrian detection, which provides warning information to the driver with a heads-up display on the monitor or car windshield when the pedestrian or object approaches the vehicle.

Automatic high-beam control is a new technology that allows drivers to better see the road around the curve. According to a survey by the Highway Loss Data Institute, claims for property damage liability insurance fell by 10% after the use of automatic headlights (Adaptive Headlights). In order to automatically adjust the headlights of the car, the camera is mounted on the rearview mirror, when the car approaches the oncoming vehicle, and when the car is overtaking in the same direction, the camera is turned off and the high beam is turned off. It can switch between low beam and high beam, but will gradually increase or decrease the light distribution according to the approach distance of the oncoming vehicle. In addition, it can dim the high beam when making a sharp turn. After the turn is completed, if there is no oncoming vehicle approaching, re-enable the high beam headlights.

Other innovative vehicle safety features include self-adjusting navigation controls, front body collision warning systems, automatic emergency braking, and pedestrian detection and lane departure warnings. These features use cameras or cameras plus radar/laser radar to monitor roads and dangerous conditions, and sometimes even assist drivers to automatically brake to avoid collisions. Therefore, the Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system is becoming more and more popular in new cars.

Driver monitoring is the latest application in automotive technology to continuously assess the driver's ability to drive. The driver monitoring system uses a camera to detect a sleepy driver and issues a visual or audible warning when the driver is considered to be tired or not awake. Other factors that need to be considered in the driver monitoring system include speed, road conditions, acceleration and deceleration modes.

In the near future, it can be applied to vehicles and built with vision-based technology, including gesture recognition for the human-car interface, rearview/side-view mirror replacement, and airbag configuration. In gesture control, the driver can connect to a infotainment center or console without touching any buttons or displays. These features are very useful, using a heads-up display to project a portion of the dashboard onto the windshield in front of the driver. In the case of a rear view mirror/side view mirror alternative, the camera can be used to instantly display the rear/side condition on the car display. As for the airbag configuration, the camera can detect the exact position of the driver behind the steering wheel. In the event of a collision, the airbag can be precisely configured to protect the driver's vital parts. A practical example of these new features is Chevrolet's 2015 Corvette, which has a camera for performance data loggers, is mounted in the ceiling decoration from the driver's perspective, and records the data on the SD card for telemetry. Hardware and software to measure speed and G-force.

.Radar sensing technology

Due to the cost reduction, more and more radar systems are used in automotive applications, especially in short-range and far-end detection and identification. Far-end radar systems are typically installed at the front of the car for front-view applications such as self-adjusting navigation controls, brake assist and collision warning. Audi's Pre Sense Front Plus is an example of a remote radar system designed to help avoid or reduce accidents at the rear of the vehicle in front of the collision, whether the vehicle in front is moving or stationary. Short-range radar systems include blind spot detection, side-impact alarms, cross-traffic alert and lane change support. Chrysler's Cross Path Detection System includes visual indicators in the outside mirror. Ford's system is called Cross Traffic Alert and is an outside mirror alarm indicator.

The recent technological development push is to add wireless connectivity to vehicles. One of the advantages of this design is the combination of wireless local area network (Wi-Fi) and global positioning system (GPS) signals that allow vehicles to communicate with other vehicles (V2V) or road infrastructure (V2I).

An example of this is in a vehicle where the current car starts to brake and all subsequent vehicles receive the signal and modify the speed and distance accordingly. In the vehicle-to-infrastructure communication example, the car can become a hotspot and receive any location-based service information by radio. Connected cars can also work in conjunction with autonomous driving. The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA) recently announced that it is forcing the use of certain technologies in new cars within 10 years, given the “excellent safety benefits” of connected vehicles in the United States. The announcement sent a message to the manufacturer that the vehicles on the Internet represent the next phase of car safety.

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