The design of microwave system is more and more complicated. The requirements of the circuit are getting higher and higher. The function of the circuit is more and more. The size requirement of the circuit is getting smaller and the design cycle is shorter. The traditional design method can not meet the system design. Need. The use of microwave EDA software tools for the design of microwave components and microwave systems has become an inevitable trend in microwave circuit design. With the continuous development of monolithic integrated circuit technology, GaAs silicon-based microwave millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuit MIMIC and ultra-high-speed monolithic integrated circuit VHSIC are facing a new development stage, and circuit design and process development are increasingly complicated. How to further improve circuit performance and reduce cost The circuit development cycle has become a focus of circuit design, and EDA technology is the key EDA technology for design, including the whole process of electronic engineering designers in product development and the expectation of electronic product production. A variety of accessibility features provided by the computer. On the one hand, EDA technology can be an auxiliary design process at three levels: system level circuit level and physical implementation level; (1) Agilent ADS (Advanced Design System) Agilent ADS (Advanced Design System) software is a large-scale integrated design software developed on the basis of HP EESOF series EDA software. The large-scale integrated design software developed by Agilent Technologies of the United States provides high-performance simulation features for extracting new simulation technologies for system and circuit recognition from the simulation mode of circuit components. It allows engineers to define the number of material properties in the frequency range and automatically generate key passive device modes based on user needs. The software covers everything from small components to system level design and analysis, especially its powerful simulation design. The method can realize comprehensive simulation analysis and optimization of digital or analog linear or nonlinear circuits in the time domain or frequency domain and can perform yield analysis and optimization of design results. This greatly increases the design efficiency of complex circuits and makes them an effective tool for designers. (2) Sonnet simulation software Sonnet is a moment-based electromagnetic simulation software that provides EDA tools for 3D planar high frequency circuit design systems as well as microwave and millimeter wave fields and electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference design. SonnetTM is used in planar high-frequency electromagnetic field analysis from 1MHz to several thousand GHz. The main applications are microstrip matching network microstrip circuit microstrip filter stripline circuit stripline filter via layer connection or ground coupling line analysis PCB board circuit analysis PCB board interference analysis bridge type spiral inductor plane high temperature superconducting circuit. Analysis of millimeter-wave integrated circuits, MMIC design and analysis of mixed-matched circuit analysis, HDI LTCC conversion of single-layer or multi-layer transmission lines for accurate analysis of multi-layered planar circuit analysis Single-layer or multi-layer planar antenna analysis Planar antenna array analysis plane coupling Analysis of the holes, etc. (3) IE3D simulation software IE3D is an electromagnetic field simulation tool based on the moment method. It can solve the current distribution problem of three-dimensional metal structure in multi-layer medium environment. It solves the Maxwell equations by integral method, and solves the coupling effect and radiation effect of electromagnetic wave effect discontinuity effect. The simulation results include the syz parameter VWSR RLC equivalent circuit current distribution near-field distribution and radiation pattern directional efficiency and RCS. IE3D is a very useful tool for microwave/millimeter wave integrated circuit MMIC RF printed circuit board microstrip antenna wire and other forms of RF antenna HTS circuit and filter IC internal connection and high speed digital circuit package. (4) Microwave Office The "Microwave Office" software is a simple method of processing a circuit for a circuit composed of lumped elements by simulating and simulating a microwave plane circuit by two simulators. The software is equipped with a Voltaire XL simulator to handle the microwave plane circuit problem of lumped elements and a field method for the distributed parameter microwave plane circuit composed of specific microstrip geometry. The software uses the "EMSight" simulator to handle the three-dimensional electromagnetic field of any multi-layer planar structure. The “VoltaireXL†simulator has a component library that can be used to recall the components used in the microwave circuit when building the circuit model. Among them, the passive components include an inductive resistor-capacitor resonant circuit, a microstrip line, a stripline coaxial line, and the like, and the non-linear device has a bipolar transistor field effect transistor diode and the like. The “EMSight†simulator is a 3D electromagnetic field simulation package that can be used for planar high frequency circuits and antenna structures. The analysis features a combination of the modified spectral domain method and the intuitive Windows graphical user interface (GUI) technology to speed up computations. It analyzes the electrical characteristics of radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) microstrip patch antennas and high-speed printed circuit (PCB) circuits. Microwave Office 2006 adds new features including filter intelligence integrated intelligent load pull, improved electromagnetic simulation of existing loops including oscillator phase noise analysis and 3D planar electromagnetic simulation engine to make simulation of complex problems more efficient. It is an RF simulation software that is easy to learn and use. (1) CST MICROWAVE STUDIO CST MICROWAVE STUDIOTM (CST SD) is an EDA tool specifically developed for fast and accurate simulation of high frequency electromagnetic fields. It is based on the simulation software of PC under Windows environment. It is mainly used in complex design and higher resonance structure. CST DS combines electromagnetic field components by scattering parameters to separate complex systems into smaller subunits through each of the systems. A description of the S-parameters of the unit behavior. It can quickly analyze and reduce the memory required by the system. CST DS considers the coupling structure of high-order modes between subunits to be divided into small parts without affecting the accuracy of the system. (2) FIDELITY FIDELITY is a full three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulator based on a time-domain finite difference method for non-uniform grids. Field distribution problems with complex fill medium solution domains can be solved. (4) IMST Empire IMST Empire is a 3D electromagnetic field simulation software. It is a 3D based time domain finite difference method. This approach has become the standard for RF component design. Its range of applications, from multi-port integration of analysis plane structure interconnections to microwave wave antenna EMC issues EMPIRE covers the entire field of RF design 3D field simulation. The definition of the structure of the scattering parameter radiation parameters and the radiation field map can be obtained from the simulation of the user's defined frequency range. Integration of 3D Editor into EMPIRE Software AUTOCADTM is a popular mechanical drawing tool that can be used in EMPIRE environments to provide electromagnetic waves and accurate results. 1.Ansoft HFSS Ansoft HFSS is the world's first commercial 3D structural electromagnetic field simulation software. The high-frequency electromagnetic field of any three-dimensional passive structure can be analyzed and simulated, and the characteristic impedance propagation constant S parameter and the electromagnetic field radiation field antenna pattern can be directly obtained. The software is widely used in wireless and wireline communications, computers, satellite radar, semiconductor and microwave integrated circuits, aerospace and other fields. Ansoft HFSS integrates industry-standard modeling systems with patented technologies such as adaptive meshing ALPS fast swept tangential elements. Provides powerful and flexible macro language intuitive post processor and unique field calculator. Computable points display a variety of complex electromagnetic fields and use OpTImetrics to optimize and scan any parameter. Using Ansoft HFSS, you can calculate 1 basic electromagnetic field numerical solution and open-boundary problem near-far field radiation problem, 2-port characteristic impedance and transmission constant. 3 S-parameters and normalized S-parameters for the corresponding port impedance. 4 The eigenmode or resonant solution of the structure. With the development of EDA technology, electromagnetic simulation software plays an increasingly important role in microwave product design, which greatly reduces the product development cycle and development cost. Basically, one design can be done once and the simulation results are very similar to the experimental test results. However, with the increase of frequency and the increase of circuit complexity, in order to obtain more accurate simulation results and improve the running efficiency of simulation software, it is necessary to have accurate patterns to match and more accurate numerical analysis methods. At present, Ailgent's ADS and electromagnetic field simulation tool Ansoft's HFSS are used in China.
A new rule from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) threatens to upend the American hemp industry, and could even result in criminal prosecutions for manufacturers of CBD and delta-8 THC products.
The DEA says the [interim final rule," issued Aug. 20, is simply a matter of adjusting its own regulations to account for changes to the Controlled Substances Act that were mandated by the 2018 Farm Bill (or Agricultural Improvement Act) that legalized hemp and CBD production. The new rule [merely conforms DEA`s regulations to the statutory amendments to the CSA that have already taken effect," says the agency. The new rule doesn`t break any ground, according to the DEA.
But many experts on cannabis and hemp law say the DEA rule creates a potential pathway the law enforcement agency could use to prosecute hemp processors and producers of CBD (cannabidiol) and delta-8 THC (or Δ8THC) products. There are two issues: partially processed CBD, and [synthetically derived" delta-8 THC.
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