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Description of the relationship between urban cloud brains and urban cloud brains and Internet cloud brains
Foreword: This article presents a research exploration into the future of intelligent laboratories, focusing on how smart cities can be built using brain-like architectures. It emphasizes that such constructions should not be limited to individual cities but should instead leverage the synergy created across multiple cities within the broader context of the Internet. The paper discusses the relationships between the urban cloud brain's central nervous system, the coverage of the urban neuron network, and the occurrence of the urban cloud neural reflex arc. It also explores the interaction between the urban cloud brain and the Internet cloud brain.
First, on the Internet Cloud Brain Architecture
Since the creation of the Internet in 1969, human innovation has continuously evolved without a unified structure. By 2017, with the development of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, robotics, virtual reality, and the industrial internet, the concept of a brain-like architecture for the Internet began to take shape. In 2007, researchers at the Future Intelligent Laboratory proposed the Internet Cloud Brain and Urban Cloud Brain architectures by integrating the Internet with brain science, recognizing the potential of a nervous system-like structure for digital systems.
Second, on the Urban Cloud Brain and Smart City Construction Based on the Internet Cloud Brain Structure
Over the past two decades, leading tech companies have driven the smart development of cities and society through continuous innovation. Smart cities emerged naturally as a result of the Internet's evolution and the deepening of urban development. Therefore, building a smart city must consider the Internet’s developmental trends and evolutionary patterns. As a product of the integration of the Internet Cloud Brain and smart city construction, the urban cloud brain inherits the fundamental structure of the Internet Cloud Brain. Thus, a smart city based on this architecture is often referred to as the "City Cloud Brain."
The City Cloud Brain gradually forms its own central nervous system (cloud computing), sensory nervous system (IoT), motor nervous system (Industry 4.0), nerve endings (edge computing), and intelligence generation and application (big data and AI). These components create two core functions: first, the urban neuron network system, which enables information exchange between people, people and things, and things and things; second, the cloud reflex arc, which allows the city to respond quickly and intelligently to services. These features contribute to the continuous enhancement of urban intelligence. This brain-like structure is known as the City Cloud Brain.
Third, the City Cloud Brain is a node of the Internet Cloud Brain and requires collaboration among cities.
From the perspective of its development, the City Cloud Brain does not exist as an isolated system. Instead, when the Internet is integrated with specific geographic areas, it creates neural nodes shaped by each city's unique conditions.
In practice, constructing a City Cloud Brain should not be done in isolation but should focus on complementarity and synergy between different cities. A higher-level Internet Cloud Brain architecture can facilitate these connections. Three examples illustrate this:
First, the central nervous system of the City Cloud Brain can be located in another city.
The construction of the City Cloud Brain's cloud computing infrastructure is essentially the development of its central nervous system. This involves servers, network operating systems, neural networks (large social networks), big data, and AI algorithms. However, the hardware and software facilities of a city’s central nervous system—such as big data centers—may be located in another city. For example, the central nervous system of Beijing’s City Cloud Brain could be housed in Guizhou Province.
Second, the neural network of the City Cloud Brain can connect people and things across cities.
The development of large social networks in the City Cloud Brain represents the expansion of its neural network. With the rise of IoT, cloud computing, and big data, these networks now extend beyond human interactions. When IoT, Industry 4.0, and the Industrial Internet merge with social networks, buildings, cars, landmarks, malls, and appliances will all have accounts on SNS platforms, publishing real-time updates and interacting with other "people" and "things." This results in a broader social network encompassing people, people and things, and things and things—often referred to as the "Big SNS" of the city.
Third, the cloud reflex arc of the City Cloud Brain can cross city boundaries and operate over thousands of kilometers.
Similar to human reflexes, the cloud reflex arcs of the City Cloud Brain determine how quickly and effectively a city responds to various intelligent services. More types of reflex arcs mean faster responses and higher levels of intelligence. Examples include security, financial, traffic, energy, education, medical, tourism, and retail reflex arcs. Since the neurons and central nervous system of the City Cloud Brain are not confined to one city, these reflex arcs often span nationally or even globally.
