Informix database management: 1. Installation of Informix database (1) Installation sequence (2) Installation steps Change the ownership of the above logical volume chown informix: informix / dev / r * dbs (3) Set environment variables: 14. Configure other dataspace 1. Informix database startup and shutdown 2. Start and close ONLINE: ONLINE has the following modes: Oninit Onmode –ky onstat – Second, the monitoring of Informix database Onstst --d Onstat –u Onstat –l Regularly check the online.log file, you can know whether online is working properly, if you find any problems, you should immediately check the database. 4. Backup and recovery of Informix database In database applications, if the stored data is lost or destroyed, it will produce unpredictable results, causing irreparable losses. Therefore, the data stored in the database should be backed up regularly to reduce the loss caused by the lost data. Informix database provides a variety of backup methods, there are two common methods: First, use dbexport to back up a certain database content into an ASCII file, dbimport can restore the backup content. Second, through ontape dump database (ontape -s) and dump transaction (ontape -a or ontape -c) to complete. Use ontape -r to restore the database. (1) Dbexport / dbimport Dbimport takes the ASCII file generated by dbexport as input, builds the database and loads the data. The user running dbimport has DBA authority to the newly created database. (Two), ontape ï® Database backup. (1) Database backup Ontape –r –d datadbs Dbaccess It takes about 2 hours for a 1G database.
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1.Install ApplicaTIon development tools.
Such as: INFORMIX -SQL, INFORMIX-4GL, etc.
2.Install SQL applicaTIon- programming interfaces.
Such as: INFORMIX-ESQLL / C, INFORMIX-CLI, etc.
3. Install Database servers.
Such as: INFORMIA-ONLINE DYNAMIC SERVER and so on.
4. Install AddiTional products.
Such as: LANG SUPPLEMENT ZHCN, etc.
1. Check whether the operating system is operating normally.
2. Log in as the super user root and create a user group named informix and a user named informix so that the informix user is the only user in the informix user group.
3. Set environment variables:
# INFORMIXDIR = / home / informix (informix product installation directory)
# export INFORMIXDIR
# PATH = $ INFORMIXDIR / bin: $ PATH
# export PATH
4. # cd $ INFORMIXDIR
5. If the medium is an optical disc, the file system of the corresponding optical disc should be mounted:
# mount –r –v cdrfs / dev / cd0 / mnt
If the media is a tape, this step is omitted.
6. Refer to the product's license and use the cpio or tar command to copy the files on the CD or tape
Copy to the current directory:
For CD: # cpio –icvdumB <corresponding directory / file name or # tar xvf corresponding directory / file name for tape: # cpio –icvdumB <corresponding device / file name
Or # tar xvf corresponds to the device / file name
7. Install INFORMIX products:
As for SQL: # ./installsql
8. If the medium is an optical disc, umount corresponds to the file system of the optical disc:
# umount Media device name If the media is tape, omit this step.
9. Repeat steps 5, 6, 7, and 8 to install copy and install other products of INFORMIX respectively.
Pay attention to strictly follow the installation sequence.
Use commands during installation: # ./install4gl, # ./installesgl, #. / Installonline,
# ./insallzhcn etc.,
During the installation process, you need to enter the serial number and serial-number of the product
key.
10. Set the network environment:
Separate configuration files: / etc / hosts and / etc / services.
Add the machine's IP address and name to / etc / hosts,
Add a custom unique service name and in / etc / services
port number.
11. Refer to $ INFORMIXDIR / release / en_us / 0333 / ONLINE_7.X to tune the core parameters of the operating system. Use the core parameter tuning tool of the operating system to modify the core parameters of the operating system, then relink the core parameters and reboot the operating system.
12. Create a logical volume device to create the following logical volume on sharevg:
/ dev / rootdbs
/ dev / tempdbs
/ dev / logdbs
/ dev / phydbs
/ dev / data1dbs
/ dev / data2dbs
/ dev / data3dbs
13. Initialize INFORMIX-ONLINE:
(1) Log in as the informix user.
(2) $ cd $ INFORMIXDIR
$ cp etc / onconfig.std etc / onconfig.online
$ INFORMIXDIR = (Informix product installation directory)
$ PATH = $ INFORMIADIR / bin: $ PATH
$ INFORMIXDSERVER = dbsvrname
$ ONCONFIG = onconfig .online
$ export INFORMIXDIR PATH INFORMIXSERVER ONCONFIG
You can also set these environment variables to .profile so that each time you log in with informix, you do not need to reset them.
(4) $ vi $ INFORMIXDIR / etc / sqlhosts
Add a line in the following format:
dbsvrname nettype hostname servicename
Among them: dbsvrname corresponds to the environment variable INFORMIXSERVER
Defined dbsvrname,
Nettype has the following options according to the hardware platform:
ontlitcp ontlispx onsocspx onipcshm onipcstr
Refer to $ INFORMIXDIR / release / en_us /0333/OMLINE_7.2,
hostname corresponds to step 10. Machine name in / etc / hosts, servicename
Corresponds to step 10. The service name in / etc / services.
(5) Initialize rootdbs:
You can choose one of the following two methods:
a), run $ onmonitor
-ïƒ Parameters -ïƒ IniTIalize
When initializing rootdbs, you need to pay attention to the root path, which is the path and name of the first chunk set in step 12, which cannot be changed in the future. DBSERVERNUM and DBSERVERNAME must not be duplicated in the entire network system. DBSERVERNAME must be consistent with the setting in step 13 (3).
Other settings can use default values.
After the initialization is complete, the system enters the Quescent state.
-ïƒ Exit -ïƒ Mode
-ïƒ Online puts the system into online mode.
b), modify the configuration parameters:
$ vi $ INFORMIXDIR / etc / onconfig. online
Mainly modify the following parameters: ROOTPATH-the path and name of the first chunk ROOTSIZE-the size of the first chunk TAPEDEV-tape drive device LTAPEDEV-tape drive device SERVERNUM-initial online number DBSERVERNAME-initial online name NETTYPE Other settings for the network type can use default values.
Perform initialization: $ oninit -i
After the initialization is complete, the system is online.
(6) Check whether the initialization is successful:
$ onstat-
If you see ┉┉┉ --ON—LINE-- ┉┉┉, it means the initialization is successful.
Configure the following dataspace through onmonitor:
tempdbs
logdbs
phydbs
datadbs
15. Configure logical logs
onparams –a –d logdbs –s 10000 (10000K)
To make these logical logs formally work, a level 0 backup of the system, ontape –s, is required.
16. Transfer physical logs
onparams –p –s 200000 –d phydbs –y
When transferring physical logs, you need to change the database to quicent mode.
17. Parameter configuration of the database For the configuration of the database, please refer to Appendix 8.
1. Required environment variables:
INFORMIXDIR = / home / informix (informix product installation directory)
PATH = $ INFORMIXDIR / bin: $ PATH
INFORMIXSERVER = dbsvrname
ONCONFIG = onconfig. Online
If you want to use the Chinese environment, you also need to set:
DB¬_LOCALE = zh_cn.gb
CLIENT_LOCALE = en.cn.gb
SERVER_LOCALE = zh_cn.gb
Offline
Quiescent
Online
Shutdown
Recovery
The last two modes are dynamic and short-lived, indicating ONLINE's transition process from one mode to another.
Start the database from offline to online.
onstat –
You can check whether the database has become ONLINE mode.
Close the database. Change from online to offline mode.
You can check whether the database is closed.
Onstat –
Check the status of ONLINE.
Check the total pages and free pages of each chunk.
Check the user connected to the database.
Check the usage of logical logs. Note that if the logs are full, use onstape -a to clear the logs.
Do not use operating system commands for data backup in Informix database applications. Backups made using operating system commands cannot be guaranteed to be recoverable.
The Dbexport utility unloads the database to an ASCII file. The Dbimport utility uses this ASCII mode file to rebuild the database.
The user must have DBA access or be an informix or root user to unload the database.
Dbexport supports the following two options:
(1) Unload the database to disk
dbexport srcc –ss –o srcc19990730be
Where: srcc is the database name.
-ss Save the database properties.
-o followed by the directory name, the unloaded database will be stored in this directory.
(2) Unload the database to tape
dbexport srcc –ss –t / dev / rmt0 –b 1024 –s 2000000
Where: srcc is the database name.
-ss Save the database properties.
-t followed by the tape name.
-b Tape block size.
-s tape capacity (dbexport maximum capacity is 2G).
(1) The data is on the disk directory
dbimport srcc –I srcc19990730be –d datadbs
Where: srcc is the database name.
-I srcc19990730be is the data storage directory.
-d datadbs database storage dbspace
(2) Data is on tape
dbimport srcc –l –t / dev / rmt0 –b 16 –s 2000000 –d datadbs
Where: srcc is the database name.
-l Create an unbuffered transaction log for the loaded database
-t followed by the tape name.
-b Tape block size.
-s tape capacity (dbexport maximum capacity is 2G).
-d datadbs database storage dbspace
Use ontape to perform the following tasks:
ï® Reinstall the database.
ï® Logical log backup.
ï® Logical log recovery.
ï® Change the log status of logical log.
ontape –s
Make a backup of the entire database. Ontape will prompt you to create an archive level (0, 1, or 2).
Need to configure onconfig parameters, select archive with onmonitor, enter / dev / rmt0 in TAPEDEV, enter 1024 in TAPEBLK, and enter 5000000 in TAPESIZE.
(2) Database reinstallation
ontape --r
Can be used to restore the entire database. To do this kind of recovery, you need to be in the offline state. Perform a level 0 backup and recovery, perform a level 1 or level 2 recovery, and then perform a logical log recovery.
The database can be hot restored when it is online.
(3) Logical log backup
ontape --a
Make backups of logical logs that are full.
Onmode –l
Onmode –c
Ontape –a
You can also make a backup of the "current" log.
Ontape –c
Start continuous log backup. Whenever the logical log file is full, online will automatically backup it. Continuous logical log backup always requires a terminal or window.
(4) Logical log recovery
ontape –l
Logical log backup can be performed separately.
Need to configure onconfig parameters, select archive with onmonitor, enter / dev / rmt0 in LTAPEDEV, 1024 in LTAPEBLK, and 5000000 in LTAPESIZE
(5) Change the login status of logical logs
ontape –s –B datadbs
Change the state of the database to buffer log login.
ontape –s –N datadbs
Change the database status to log-free login.
ontape –s –U datadbs
Change the database status to unbuffered log login.
5. Performance optimization of Informix database
INFORMIX database is used for a period of time, usually about two weeks, you need to do update stattistics high on the database. If the data changes greatly, it can be shortened to once a week. This can optimize the query.
Choose Query-language,
Select srcc database,
Enter update statistics high. 
