Six major trends in the development of cloud computing technology

1. Data center development towards integration and green energy conservation

At present, the construction of traditional data centers is facing heterogeneous networks, static resources, complex management, and high energy consumption. Cloud computing data centers are different from traditional data centers in that they need to solve how to complete enterprises quickly and efficiently in a short period of time. The expansion and deployment of the data center is at the same time, and at the same time, it must balance the requirements of green energy conservation and high reliability. High utilization, integration, low power consumption, and automated management have become the focus of cloud computing data center construction. Integration and green energy conservation have become the development characteristics of cloud computing data center construction technology.

The integration of data centers begins with the integration of physical environments, including power distribution and precision cooling, primarily to address the reliability and availability of data center infrastructure. Further integration is to build a management system for the infrastructure, introducing automation and intelligent management software to improve management operational efficiency. Another type of consolidation is the optimization, upgrade, and introduction of more advanced servers and storage devices for storage devices, servers, and more. Emerson has proposed to integrate innovation to win the cloud computing data center.

The emergence of efficient and green energy-efficient container data centers. The container data center is a product that absorbs the idea of ​​cloud computing and allows enterprises to quickly build their own data centers. Compared with traditional data centers, container data centers have the advantages of high density, low PUE, modularity, mobility, flexible and rapid deployment, and integration of construction and operation. Foreign companies such as Google, Microsoft, and Intel have begun to develop and deploy large-scale green container data centers.

Through the technologies of server virtualization and network equipment intelligence, the local energy conservation of the data center can be realized, but the requirements of the green data center cannot be truly realized. Therefore, it is an important development direction to realize energy conservation and consumption reduction with the data center as the overall goal. The technology that saves energy and reduces consumption around the data center will continue to innovate and make breakthroughs. High-temperature data center is a development direction, and low-power servers and chip products are also a direction.

2. Virtualization technology develops towards soft and hard collaboration

According to IDC research, before 2005, the first stage of virtualization technology development, called virtualization 1.0, the second phase of virtualization development from 2005 to 2010, called virtualization 2.0, has now entered Virtualization 2.5 phase, virtualization 3.0 phase will come soon. According to Gartner's forecast, 70% of X86 enterprise servers in China will be virtualized by 2016.

An article published on the ArsTechnica website commented that in the current virtualization market, VMware is the boss, Microsoft Hyper-V second, Citrix Xen third, Red Hat and Oracle are competing for the fourth spot. With the advancement of hardware technologies and related software technologies such as servers, the gradual development of software application environments, and the increasing application requirements, virtualization has become a feature due to its advantages of improving resource utilization, energy conservation and environmental protection, and enabling large-scale data integration. Strategic new technology.

First, as major vendors enter the virtualization arena, open source virtualization will continue to mature. Gartner also pointed out that although the market for open source virtualization is still relatively small, its market share will double by the end of 2014, and it will grow rapidly in the future.

Second, with the development of virtualization technology, virtual and hard virtualization will accelerate development. In this regard, the virtualization of memory has begun to emerge.

Third, network virtualization is developing rapidly. Network virtualization can efficiently utilize network resources, and has the advantages of energy saving cost, simplified network operation and maintenance and management, and improved network reliability. Through four years of cooperation, VMware and Cisco have made breakthrough innovations in the field of network virtualization, and launched VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN). VXLAN has been supported by several industry leaders.

3. Large-scale distributed storage technology enters the peak of innovation

In the cloud computing environment, storage technology will mainly move toward security, portability and data access. The goal of distributed storage is to use the storage resources of multiple servers to meet the storage requirements that cannot be satisfied by a single server. It requires storage resources to be abstractly represented and managed uniformly, and can ensure the security, reliability, and performance of data read and write operations. And other requirements. In order to ensure high reliability and economy, cloud computing uses distributed storage to store data, redundant storage to ensure the reliability of stored data, and high-reliability software to compensate for hardware unreliability, thus providing low-cost and reliable. Massive distributed storage and computing systems. In large-scale distributed storage technology, the distributed file system based on block devices is suitable for large-scale, massive data cloud computing platforms, which deploys customer data redundancy on a large number of inexpensive general storage, through parallel and distributed computing. Technology that provides excellent data redundancy. And because of the distributed concurrent data processing technology, many storage nodes can provide high-performance data access services to users at the same time, and also ensure the efficiency of data transmission. At present, many foreign universities, research institutions and companies have started or are developing distributed file systems, and a number of well-known distributed file systems, such as PVFS, GPFS, zFS, Google FS, Hadoop FS, etc., have emerged to further deepen research and development. It is still in progress.

In addition to large-scale distributed storage technology, P2P storage, data grid, intelligent mass storage systems, etc. are also the trend of mass storage development. Among them, P2P storage can be regarded as a kind of distributed storage, which is a data storage system for peer-to-peer networks, which aims to provide efficient, robust and load-balanced file access. A data grid is a combination of organic smart cells, similar to a computational grid. Intelligent mass storage systems include active data collection, data analysis, and active tuning. The massive data applications stored in cloud computing will provide new high value points for cloud computing, and will certainly become one of the key directions for cloud computing development.

4. Distributed computing technology continues to improve and improve

Resource scheduling management is considered to be the core of cloud computing, because cloud computing not only concentrates resources, but more importantly, rational scheduling, operation, distribution, and management of resources. The outstanding feature of the cloud computing data center is that it has a large amount of basic hardware and software resources and realizes the scale of basic resources. However, how to reasonably and effectively manage these resources, improve the utilization of these resources, and reduce the cost of unit resources is a difficult point and focus for cloud computing platform providers. The development and optimization of resource scheduling and management technologies such as service/resource scheduling center, replica management technology, task scheduling algorithm, and task fault tolerance mechanism will provide technical support for cloud computing resource scheduling and management. However, cloud computing operating systems that are becoming the focus of the industry are likely to make cloud computing resource scheduling management technology a new path. The cloud computing operating system is a cloud computing data center operating system. It refers to a cloud platform integrated with basic hardware resources such as servers, storage, and networks, and basic software resources such as single-machine operating systems, middleware, and databases. A management system that enables extremely simplified and more efficient computing models to achieve specified service levels, response times, security policies, availability, and more at a low cost.

Now the cloud computing business environment provides higher requirements for the reliability of the entire system. In order to support commercial cloud computing services, the most important thing about distributed system collaboration and resource scheduling is reliability. Future mature distributed computing technology will be able to support online services (SaaS). Since the Apple iPhone entered the market in 2007, things have changed a lot. The arrival of the smart phone era has caused the Web to enter mobile terminals. The storm of SaaS swept the whole Internet, online applications have become a fashion. Distributed computing technology continues to improve and enhance, supporting a framework for implementing distributed applications across large clusters across data centers.

5. Security and privacy will receive more attention

As a new application model, cloud computing has undergone some changes in form compared with the traditional Internet, which is bound to bring new security issues. For example, the high concentration of data makes the risk of data leakage surge, and multi-client access increases the interception of data. The risks and so on. Cloud security technology is an effective means to ensure the security of cloud computing services. It addresses many issues including cloud infrastructure security, data security, authentication and access management security, and audit compliance. The security of cloud computing itself still depends on the main technologies in the traditional information security field. On the other hand, cloud computing has the characteristics of virtualization and resource sharing. Traditional information security technologies need to adapt to their characteristics to adopt different modes or have new technological innovations. In addition, because users cannot accurately know the location of data in cloud computing, the trust problem of cloud computing providers and users is a key point to consider for cloud computing security. In general, cloud computing providers should fully integrate cloud computing features and user requirements to provide overall cloud computing security measures, which will drive the development of cloud computing security technologies. Adapting to the characteristics and security requirements of cloud computing, cloud computing security technologies are accelerating in terms of encryption technology, trust technology, security solutions, and security service models.

In addition, the future security trend will inevitably involve all levels of terminals and mobile terminals, including smart terminals and wearable devices such as PCs and mobile phones, all of which may face challenges from attackers. It will become increasingly difficult to protect. To solve terminal security, cloud security is the first thing that needs to be solved, that is, the security trend is first judged from the cloud, rather than being judged from a terminal in isolation. Through cloud-based big data analysis, you can clearly identify the various threat trends that exist in it, so as to intercept new Trojans and prevent network intrusions and attacks. Although the issue of privacy protection is a major problem that needs to be solved in the process of cloud computing popularization, with the development of cloud computing and the maturity of relevant standards. Believe that privacy will be better protected, and cloud computing will also profoundly affect our way of life, just like other application environments on the Internet.

6. SLA refinement service quality monitoring real-time

In order to let users dare to put key business applications on the cloud computing platform, the extensive service agreement is obviously not reassuring. Users need to know whether cloud computing vendors can quickly spread data across the country and how well the network connection can be. Degree. For the surge in business needs, performance expansion is not enough, and how quickly cloud providers can scale performance is also important. Users need a service quality agreement that gives them peace of mind, and refining service quality is an inevitable trend. Cloud computing on the computing, storage and network resource pooling makes the management of the underlying resources more and more complex and more and more important. Cloud-based efficient workload monitoring should be discovered in advance before performance problems occur, thus preventing In the first place, real-time understanding of cloud computing operation details will help deliver a more powerful cloud computing experience and is the direction of future development.

In addition, open source cloud computing technology is further popularized. The data shows that more than 90% of cloud computing applications worldwide are deployed on open source platforms. Cloud computing's demand for secure, agile, flexible, and personalized open source platforms, as well as outstanding practical and inexpensive features, also determine the leading position of open source computing platforms in the cloud era. Many cloud computing frontier companies and organizations such as Amazon, Google, and Facebook are developing and deploying open source cloud computing platforms. The open source cloud computing platform not only reduces the amount of upfront investment in the technology infrastructure, but also greatly enhances the applicability of cloud computing applications. While open source cloud computing technology has been greatly developed, it will certainly drive cloud computing projects to land faster and better, and become the core interests of enterprise competition. To this end, open source cloud computing technology will be further valued and popularized.

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